Venuti, L. (1995). The Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation. London: Routledge.
Bassnett, S. (1980). Translation Studies. London: Methuen. translation history and culture susan bassnett pdf
Bassnett and Lefevere emphasize the importance of historical context in understanding translation. They argue that translation is a product of its time, reflecting the cultural, social, and historical circumstances of the era in which it takes place. Historical context influences the translator’s decisions, the patron’s expectations, and the target audience’s reception of the translated text. Venuti, L
In the early 20th century, translation studies emerged as a distinct field of academic inquiry. However, it wasn’t until the 1970s and 1980s that the discipline began to take shape, with scholars like Eugene Nida, Peter Newmark, and Susan Bassnett making significant contributions. Bassnett’s work challenged traditional approaches to translation, which often prioritized fidelity to the source text over cultural and historical contexts. London: Routledge